The Oxford Comma and What’s for Lunch

By: A.B. Timothy

Have you even heard of the Oxford comma? This piece of grammar goes by many names: the Harvard Comma, the Oxford Comma, or the Final Serial Comma. According to J.T. Bushnell, a senior instructor of English at Oregon State University, the hard rule in English is that every list of items must have a conjoining word between each item, called a conjunction. In papers and in scripts and in books, we need the conjunctions. Did you not like how many times I used “and” in that last sentence? Well, that is where the protagonist of today’s article comes into play. The comma acts as a placeholder for the conjunction until it is stated definitively between the final pair of items. This allows the list to conform to the rule, without overloading on conjunctions.

Originally, this meant that we did not need the final comma before the conjunction, which is why the Declaration of Independence reads “Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.” Even Grammarly does not appreciate the fact that I am quoting the Declaration of Independence correctly. This all changed in 1905, when a printer named Horace Hart put out a style guide for Oxford University Press that required the comma before the conjunction. Because of the prestige of the university and the sway it held, this quickly became standard for academic writing across the country.

This look at the origins of the Oxford comma was inspired by a post I saw earlier today on X by user @NoahRayWrites. He posted a meme that ironically named the Oxford comma as superior and then proceeded to abandon use of the comma in the caption he wrote for the piece, causing me and several others to playfully make fun of his improper usage in the reply section. This all drove engagement, which I have to imagine was his goal; well, goal accomplished!

His joke was along the lines of how a lack of Oxfordian commas can lead to unintended interpretations of the sentence. For example, if I text you and ask, “Hey, what’s for lunch?” and you respond with, “Borritos, tacos and hot dogs.” I will assume you meant the three individually listed items. However, another, equally valid (at least grammatically speaking) interpretation is burritos that are made of tacos and hot dogs. The first item is the dish, and the following two items are descriptions of the dish.

Thank you to T.J. Bushnell for the information used in this article. Please visit the original article.

Make sure you use that last comma; it may seem like a small thing, but it can make a big difference.

What do you think?

Tell me in the comments below, or @ mention me on X or Facebook in a post responding to the idea of Oxford commas, I’d love to chat. Be sure to follow me on social media (see icons below) and sign up for the Weekly Newsletter (also below).

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The Spectrum of Description

By: A.B. Timothy

Allow me to write for you, two scenes. I want you to tell me which you enjoy more.

Scene 1

The crisp late-summer, early-autumn breeze brushed across the elf’s nose as she crouched in the fields of grain. The forest had been left behind, but the waving limbs of timber beckoned her back into their kind embrace. She couldn’t return, now that the sea of amber grain enveloped her hunt. She had jumped from the protection and comfort of the woods to the danger and anxiety of the grain. These fields were unnatural, human, but her prey had fled into them, so she had to pursue it.

Scene 2

The elven hunter felt a breeze blow the hair out of her face as she crouched in the grain field. Her hunt had brought her out of the safety of the forest and into the danger of the grain. She would have done all she could to stay in the woods, but this is where her prey was; thus, it was where she must be.

What did you think?

Both scenes convey the same story, right? An elven hunter leaves the comfort of the woods for the danger of the grain fields, so that she might pursue her prey. But one is more vivid, true? But which do you prefer? Do you prefer the vivid world of the first? Or do you like the more concise detail-less rendition of the second, which lets you fill in the details for yourself?

Description, like many things in life, is not black and white. While I have only provided two choices here, there are many potential ways to write this moment, this snapshot into the life of this fantastical huntress. Description is really a spectrum; sometimes you will need more detail than example #2, but less than #1, or less than 1 but more than 2 (which may sound like the same thing, but I promise you it is not).

There is no right answer; that is true, it is all about preference and situation. As an author, I prefer and would write the first scene where allowed, but if I am working within a word limit, such as a short story competition, I might go for the second scene, allowing the readers to do more of the heavy lifting for me.

You have to understand pacing to really understand which one would work in your work. If you have the time (word count) go for more detail. If you are working in a genre or age group that has less longevity to their attention spans, you might go for less detail.

Conclusion

Tell me, which scene spoke to you more, which rendition kept you engaged, or which one made you want to read on? Let’s talk about pacing and the Spectrum of Description in the comments below this post or over on my X @ABTimothyAuthor.

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Newsletter and Growing Pains

By: A.B. Timothy

This weekend, I spent a great deal of time talking with my friends in real life about subscribing to my Weekly Newsletter, the one I talked about in the October Goals post. So far, about 15 people are subscribed, which is awesome! However, some of my friends did not respond when I asked them, and even went on to unsubscribe from the newsletter when they received it. I was saddened by this, as the one who unsubscribed always seemed so supportive of my writing endeavors. This is just part of it, however. I imagine, as I grow and continue building a following, I will find more and more of my friends will unsubscribe or get sick of my content, but that’s okay. I have faith that I will eventually find my people and they will find me.

The newsletter, other than this one hiccup, had a pretty stellar start and opening weekend. The Battle of Johanna Valley was enjoyed by many who read it, and I am excited to continue writing new/editing old short stories for the weekly newsletter. Have you signed up for the newsletter yet? If not, you can do so at the box below, all I need is your email!

At the end of the day, we have to press on. That “we” includes you! No matter what happens, no matter who walks with us or abandons us, and no matter what happens in life, we have to keep the beacon lit. How might we do that? Well, if you are in need of inspiration, check out my article on the matter here. Keep writing that book, keep drawing those works of art, and keep pursuing the dream God has given you.

What were some growing pains you experienced as you grew in your creative endeavors? Let me know in the comments below or mention me in a post on X @ ABTimothyAuthor

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Let’s Talk about Schedules

By: A.B. Timothy

In life, we only have 24 hours in our entire day. This means, minus the eight that we are supposed to sleep, we have 16 hours to do things. Most of us probably work full-time jobs, so that takes another 10 (Often times it looks like 30 minutes of travel on either end with an hour for lunch in the middle). Right, so that leaves us 6 hours, great, that’s plenty of time to write! Wait a minute, no, we need to shower, eat, and prepare for the next day. Ugh, okay, we’ll call that another 3 hours. Writing can happen in three hours, and hey, if we bring our laptop to work, maybe we can have another productive half-hour in between bites of last night’s reheated leftovers.

Did I stress you out by making you read that? I’m sorry. But it’s true, right? Isn’t that where a lot of the stress you felt reading that came from? It’s Sunday today, so I have a bit more free time, but I also have deadlines. WordPress, who hosts my blog, operates on UTC-0 time for keeping track of post times and “streaks” if I want to maintain a daily blogging streak with them (which is entirely arbitrary and means very little, kind of like that Duolingo streak you have sitting at 4,000 but can’t even order a sandwich yet). I want to keep it and watch it grow; however, I have a deadline of 5 PM my time to get a new post out. Deadlines like this help keep me on track, which is part of why I engage with them. I know I poked fun at it, but Duolingo does the same thing; it keeps your mind on the fact that you want to learn that new language, so maybe one day you’ll get around to actually taking a class or buying a book. For me, the WordPress streak reminds me that I want to get around to more prose in my book, even if I might not have time for it then and there.

Realistically, I would say, setting aside 1 hour to dedicate to writing every day, or even just three to five times a week, will put you ahead of the curve in productive writers. One day, we may all be able to quit our jobs and write for eight hours a day, market for 4, and go to bed still in our pajamas from the night before! But, until we have that dream again, we need to lock in and work within the constraints we have.

Comment

I want to know: how did your writing go last week? How many words did you write? I hope it was productive and that this week will be just as productive! CARPE UNA SABATORUM!

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Percy Jackson and the Olympians: The Lightning Thief, Review

By: A.B. Timothy

I just finished reading Percy Jackson and the Olympians: The Lightning Thief, by Rick Riordan. I want to review and rate it on three categories. First, I will go into the plot, this will include a brief overview of the plot and a review of how well it was executed, in my opinion. Next, I will discuss the characters and their arcs. This will go over the three main characters and how they changed or did not change over the course of the book. Lastly, I will engage with the pacing. This will involve looking at the pace of the plot and asking whether or not it fits with the genre/audience.

Plot

The plot of Percy Jackson and the Olympians: The Lightning Thief, which will be referred to as The Lightning Thief from here on, is a very simple one. Act 1 is our hero living his daily life as a sixth grader when he begins to realize that he is not normal. Act 2 is Percy going to Camp half-blood, learning what he really is, and embarking on a quest across the United States of America to stop a war between the gods. Act 3 is Percy successfully returning the stolen item that threatened to start a war and settling back into life at Camp Half-blood, until the twist at the very last possible moment.

Overall, this plot gains a lot from how simple it is. The simplicity allows Riordan the ability to lean into a lot of the crazier aspects he draws on from Greek Mythology. There is a small detail he seemingly forgets between Act 2 and Act 3. In Act 3 Percy is tempted by soda into the betrayal by a friend. Percy acts like they don’t get soda at camp, but in the beginning of Act 2, when he shows up at camp, he has a goblet at dinner where he is able to speak any soda he would like into it. That detail is insignificant, but the role it plays in his temptation makes it bigger than it should be.

I give the plot of The Lightning Thief an 8.5/10

Characters

Percy Jackson

Percy Jackson is the titular character of this entire 5-book series, so to see him change so much over the course of only the first book is a testament to Riordan’s character work. He begins the book a dejected, fatherless boy who hates his dad for abandoning his mother and lives a delinquent life. We are told he struggles to live with normal people due to his ADHD and Dyslexia. We are able to see the world from his perspective as this is a 1st person book, and because of that perspective, it is easy to sympathize with Percy. Over the course of the book, he stops hating his father. He first learns who his father is, which makes him hate him even more, then his father’s lineage saves his life in a near-death encounter during Act 2. At the end, he does not hate his father anymore after he has a chance to speak with him one-on-one on Olympus. He has also come to accept his place among the other Half-bloods and makes friends, which is not something he thought he would ever be able to do.

Annabeth Chase

Annabeth Chase is Percy’s quest companion. She eventually becomes his love interest in later books and series, but their romance is not developed much, if at all, in this book. This is part of Annabeth’s larger arc across the series. In this book, however, she does develop. She goes from being one of Percy’s haters to promising to fight by his side instead of her mother’s if war breaks out. She very clearly has a crush on her older friend Luke, but knows that it is nothing more than a crush. The girl learns to stop hating her father, who has been trying to rekindle their father-daughter relationship since she was young, after making the mistake of choosing her step-mother and her children over his own. Percy tells her that she should not give up on her dad, and in the end, she decides to give living with him one more chance.

Grover Underwood

Grover Underwood is Percy’s third quest companion and protector. He is also a satyr, a half-man, half-goat thing. His entire character revolves around making sure Percy is safe and to guide him through life as a half-blood as his friend. Over the course of the book, Grover has many close calls with death: fighting Medusa, nearly getting dragged into Tartarus by magic shoes, and offering to stay behind in the underworld so Percy could rescue his mother. This quest is what proves him worthy to be a searcher. Being a searcher is the dream of most satyrs, and through his proven redemption in this book, he is granted a searcher’s license. His arc culminates in being willing to stay in the underworld, a place especially hated by satyrs, to allow Percy and his mother to live.

I give the character work in The Lightning Thief an 8/10

Pacing

The pacing of the book is breakneck. The plot is go-go-go from the camp to the underworld. There is one exception to this I can think of, but that makes for a great character scene, so I will give it a pass. This speed works in the plot’s favor as the book is marketed to middle-school-age boys. I remember being in middle school, and I can tell you, this worked. For the first time since reading The Lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe by C.S. Lewis, I could not put the book down when I read it at that age. As an adult, I found myself wishing for some scenes to be taken slower, and for more detail to be given, but I understand that we are reading this from the perspective of a boy with ADHD.

The pacing in The Lightning Thief is 9/10

Conclusion

The Lightning Thief is a great introduction to a wonderful world of magic and monsters. This hits its target demographics beautifully, and even kept me, an adult, entertained for the whole 300+ pages. I have the sequel, The Sea of Monsters, sitting next to me, and I am excited to read it and review the rest of the series.

I give Percy Jackson and the Olympians: The Lightning Thief an overall rating of 8.5/10. A very fine book and an excellent kick off to the series.

Comment!

Tell me what you thought of this wonderful middle-grade fiction novel. How long has it been since you’ve read it? Have you read it before? Let’s talk!

The Battle of Johanna Valley

A Short Story by: A.B. Timothy

The armies of Farthia and the armies of Horatia gathered on either side of the great valley of Johanna to do battle therein. The light of heaven besieged both sides before a sword could be drawn; according to the alchemists, it was over one hundred and twenty degrees that day. Zennith, a man of age from one of the great Farthian cities, stood watch over the battlefield yet to be battled in. The bird of prey that floated above his head gave his graying hair some much-needed relief from the blistering sun. Zennith’s breastplate of iron weighed heavily on the old, rusted, and reluctantly patriotic man’s chest. He stood watch to warn his people in the event of an attack by the Horatians. The last time Zennith had held a sword, his wife and child burned for it.

Though he was only a mere carpenter for many years, Zennith had been pressed into service by the desperate Council of Farthian Lords. After he first refused, claiming his lack of interest in fighting a war and his desire to teach, the Lords breathed a convenient sigh of relief when a Horatian arson burned half of Zennith’s city. Zennith had come home that day to find his daughter burned alive in his blackened workshop and his wife half naked with a split throat, surrounded by her own blood.

Zennith had once been a Captain of the armies of Farthia, but that was a lifetime ago. Now he had joined the military as a mentor, training young men in the best way to die and to kill. The old man taught them how to use their Warp Lances, their Jump Crossbows, and their Air Daggers to the greatest effect in battle. Now the day had finally come, the armies, too massive to number on either side, would soon turn this beautiful, lush, green, and yellow valley into a field of air-holes, craters, and streams of blood. Just like his younger days as the mentor of great adventurers, Zennith would again watch as most, if not all, of his proteges die. The man was callous; who could blame him? Seeing so many proteges come up and die under your watch did something to a man. He’d never trained a Koran the Great or a Hapthro the Destroyer. He was always the one to train the heroes no one wrote about.

This was all his past, however. On that day, he stood and watched the battlefield with a horn of violet glass dangling at his side. “Korin!” He called up to the bird of prey above him.

“Yes, Captain Zennith?” The bird replied. “Have your eyes spotted something beyond my perception?”

“No, my friend, but is it not time for you to move to the next guard post?” Zennith wanted to keep his schedule as best he could. The cold-blooded bird might freeze if kept so stationary for so long.

“Yes, perhaps it is, but I do enjoy watching over you,” Korin said.

“I understand, I am quite the conversationalist.” Zennith’s words were dry and matter-of-fact.

“That is exactly right.” Korin laughed. “Everyone else is too busy asking everything there is to ask about me and not watching the enemy; you are stalwart.” The great winged beast rolled his shoulders and jumped off the resting pole. “I’ll be off then, until we meet again, Captain.”

“In this life, or the next,” Zennith called. The bird leaving his pole let the sun beat down on Zennith again. His already grey-blonde hair began bleaching even whiter, immediately.

Minutes stretched into hours. Finally, at the setting of the sun, Zennith could, along with his fellow guards, put that violet horn to his lips and give a single long and loud note. Horatia had begun to move, and the men of Farthia would meet them. But Horatia was too fast… with a unspoken word passed between the men of the guard towers, the foreguards, each stepped up to a platform that protruded from his guard tower, a railless balcony of sorts, and threw himself therefrom in a leap. Zennith reached up and snatched the legs of his giant transport. The bird, a different bird than he had spoken with before, which he grabbed, floated him down to the middle of the valley before any of the main troop could begin their march. There he stood with the other foreguards’ spear now slung off his back and planted into the ground.

The line he made with his fellow foreguards quickly burned blue when they began to sing a song. A song of protection and deliverance. The space between each guard and his spear exploded in a line of blue energy from the earth. Their grand song made manifest in the world. Almost as soon as the mile-long wall had sprung up, it began to falter under the barrage of cannon shot, boulder droppings, and spell lobbings. The spearhead of the Horatian forces was held at bay, to their great dismay. The deceitful speed of the Horatian horde, now brought to a screeching halt. Tens of thousands, brought to a standstill by the efforts of one hundred guardsmen. The ground shook, and Zennith smiled as he knew the march of the great Farthian hosts had finally commenced. Beasts, Men, Winged Beasts, and Giants all now descended on the field of Johanna.

The foreguard’s song now rang like a gong in the midst of a screaming horde. The Horatians tried, and failed, to drown out their songs with their war cries, and while the cries gave their speakers a strengthening red hue—made purple by the blue of the shield wall—it was not enough to beat the shield song.

At the climax of their song, the foreguard cried out in a sound that shocked the earth, sending a wave of blue energy out in front of them. This wave washed over the Horatian forces, shoving them back, allowing the surge of the Farthians to meet their enemy. Now the battle had begun in earnest.

Over the next seven hours, the armies surged back and forth, great swathes of both dying in fire, water, blood, or air. Zennith left his post in the foreguard after slaying his dozens and took command of a battalion of cavalry. He led his battalion in the Great Counter Surge of the West Valley, a maneuver that, despite costing nearly three hundred men, almost certainly won Farthia the day. Three hundred more fallen heroes, never to be written about by name. Oh, the historians will laud their brave charge, but their names will be quickly forgotten. Zennith knew them all by name; however, he had trained them after all. Perhaps he would ensure their names are remembered… or perhaps that was too much for one man. Either way, he would visit each of their families and tell them how their boys—No, he thought to himself, their men—fought and died there that day. Once again, the old man was left alive by a cruel act of fate, only to stew in his own regret and guilt.

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October Goals!

Social Media Goals

Novel Goals

> X Growth
I aim to reach 100 Followers on X by the end of the year. My goal for October is 65. I am currently standing at 45!
> A Weekly Short Story
I aim to write a Short Story for the blog to be posted on Saturday each week.
> A Weekly Newsletter
I am going to begin collecting emails for a weekly newsletter, which will contain the Short story from that week, it will include Article summaries for that week, as well as goal updates.
> Daily Motivational/Non-fiction blogs
I aim to continue my daily workflow of posting a non-fiction blog post every day.
The Shards of Arthur’s Shield <
I aim to write 20k words toward the rough draft of this novel this month.
The Early Years of a Great Mage <
I aim to write 5k words toward this novel this month.
Brothers’ Feud <
I aim to rewrite the outline for this Space Opera this month.
Historical Fiction Novel, Under Real Name <
I will continue to work on my Historical Fiction novel, which is written under my real name.

How?

How am I going to accomplish this? Well, I plan to stay disciplined and do a little bit of work every day. October has 31 days, so my 25k raw word goal for this month should be easy to hit if I put in around 1k words/day. This will also be enough and leave me enough time, I hope, to rewrite the outline of my Sci-Fi Space Opera.

It’s all about sticking to it! Feel free to subscribe to this blog to see how my works progress, and also send your email my way so I can get you added to the weekly newsletter.

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October Targets!

Novel Goals

Here is the progress I have made on my novels in September:

The Shards of Arthur’s Shield: Outline
100%

I have finished the final draft of the outline of my Arthurian Adventure story. Stay tuned for snippets and more!

10k Words for The Early Years of a Great Mage
28%

I did not spend much of my writing time this last week or so on the Great Mage. I have been focusing on the new story. But this one will happen too, promise.

Re-Outline for The Brothers’ Feud
0%

I have not gotten around to outlining this yet.

Blog Goals

# Of non-fiction blogs posted
100%

I managed to post a Non-fiction blog post every day this past month, very cool!

Short Stories Posted
32%

I kinda gave up on this one. But I will be revising the goal for this month!

Blog Subscribers
40%

I was able to get 2 Subscribers to the blog this month; however, I believe I will be shifting this focus to be Emails for a monthly (or maybe weekly) newsletter.

Wrap-up

That’s all I have time for today. But look forward to tomorrow, where I will be discussing my goals and going over some plans to bolster the website and engage with my audience. TTYL

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September Falls, October Rises

By: A.B. Timothy

As September comes to a close and October is upon us, let us all challenge and encourage one another. As for my part in this, I am going to applaud all of my fellow creatives for all of the amazing work they got done over the last month. Even if you only wrote a single word in the entire month, that is more than some people have done in years!

What have I done this month? I have started a blog, I have rekindled my love for writing, and I have begun work on my debut Fantasy Novel, The Shards of Arthur’s Shield. How Exciting! Feel free to share your stats below and also tag me in a post about them over on X at the icon link below!

Falling Flat

By: A.B. Timothy

Sometimes when we launch out on our brand new wings, we fall flat. That is what happened to me. This is also a common trope in fiction where the hero fails in their heroic quest. In life, and in writing, sometimes we won’t achieve the goals we set for ourselves, and through no fault of our own. My latest “Failure to Launch,” as it were, was due to the landlady having a family emergency and needing the space to be available to take care of her family. This is not her fault, and it is not my fault. Life happened in such a way as to prevent my launch at this time.

Have you ever failed to launch something? From your career to your life? I know of several books that have failed to launch. I could name at least a dozen author friends of mine who have written and written for years of their lives with nothing to show for it, not even a blog! But they still love it, and that’s okay. Sometimes when we fail to launch, we need to look at it with a positive angle and thank God anyway. Maybe you have yet to learn something; maybe if you had launched at that moment, things would have gone disastrously.

Keep your head up and look for the next favorable wind! Maybe next time you try to launch, you will go faster and further than you could have possibly imagined.

Tell me about a time you fell on your face, literally or figuratively. I want to hear from you! Type me a comment below, or @ me on X with the icon below!